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<?php
/**
 * CodeIgniter
 *
 * An open source application development framework for PHP
 *
 * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * @package     CodeIgniter
 * @author      EllisLab Dev Team
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/)
 * @license     http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT      MIT License
 * @link        https://codeigniter.com
 * @since       Version 1.0.0
 * @filesource
 */
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');

/**
 * CodeIgniter Encryption Class
 *
 * Provides two-way keyed encoding using Mcrypt
 *
 * @package             CodeIgniter
 * @subpackage  Libraries
 * @category    Libraries
 * @author              EllisLab Dev Team
 * @link                https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/encryption.html
 */
class CI_Encrypt {

        /**
         * Reference to the user's encryption key
         *
         * @var string
         */
        public $encryption_key          = '';

        /**
         * Type of hash operation
         *
         * @var string
         */
        protected $_hash_type           = 'sha1';

        /**
         * Flag for the existence of mcrypt
         *
         * @var bool
         */
        protected $_mcrypt_exists       = FALSE;

        /**
         * Current cipher to be used with mcrypt
         *
         * @var string
         */
        protected $_mcrypt_cipher;

        /**
         * Method for encrypting/decrypting data
         *
         * @var int
         */
        protected $_mcrypt_mode;

        /**
         * Initialize Encryption class
         *
         * @return      void
         */
        public function __construct()
        {
                if (($this->_mcrypt_exists = function_exists('mcrypt_encrypt')) === FALSE)
                {
                        show_error('The Encrypt library requires the Mcrypt extension.');
                }

                log_message('info', 'Encrypt Class Initialized');
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Fetch the encryption key
         *
         * Returns it as MD5 in order to have an exact-length 128 bit key.
         * Mcrypt is sensitive to keys that are not the correct length
         *
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function get_key($key = '')
        {
                if ($key === '')
                {
                        if ($this->encryption_key !== '')
                        {
                                return $this->encryption_key;
                        }

                        $key = config_item('encryption_key');

                        if ( ! self::strlen($key))
                        {
                                show_error('In order to use the encryption class requires that you set an encryption key in your config file.');
                        }
                }

                return md5($key);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Set the encryption key
         *
         * @param       string
         * @return      CI_Encrypt
         */
        public function set_key($key = '')
        {
                $this->encryption_key = $key;
                return $this;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Encode
         *
         * Encodes the message string using bitwise XOR encoding.
         * The key is combined with a random hash, and then it
         * too gets converted using XOR. The whole thing is then run
         * through mcrypt using the randomized key. The end result
         * is a double-encrypted message string that is randomized
         * with each call to this function, even if the supplied
         * message and key are the same.
         *
         * @param       string  the string to encode
         * @param       string  the key
         * @return      string
         */
        public function encode($string, $key = '')
        {
                return base64_encode($this->mcrypt_encode($string, $this->get_key($key)));
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Decode
         *
         * Reverses the above process
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function decode($string, $key = '')
        {
                if (preg_match('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\/\+=]/', $string) OR base64_encode(base64_decode($string)) !== $string)
                {
                        return FALSE;
                }

                return $this->mcrypt_decode(base64_decode($string), $this->get_key($key));
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Encode from Legacy
         *
         * Takes an encoded string from the original Encryption class algorithms and
         * returns a newly encoded string using the improved method added in 2.0.0
         * This allows for backwards compatibility and a method to transition to the
         * new encryption algorithms.
         *
         * For more details, see https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/installation/upgrade_200.html#encryption
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       int             (mcrypt mode constant)
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function encode_from_legacy($string, $legacy_mode = MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, $key = '')
        {
                if (preg_match('/[^a-zA-Z0-9\/\+=]/', $string))
                {
                        return FALSE;
                }

                // decode it first
                // set mode temporarily to what it was when string was encoded with the legacy
                // algorithm - typically MCRYPT_MODE_ECB
                $current_mode = $this->_get_mode();
                $this->set_mode($legacy_mode);

                $key = $this->get_key($key);
                $dec = base64_decode($string);
                if (($dec = $this->mcrypt_decode($dec, $key)) === FALSE)
                {
                        $this->set_mode($current_mode);
                        return FALSE;
                }

                $dec = $this->_xor_decode($dec, $key);

                // set the mcrypt mode back to what it should be, typically MCRYPT_MODE_CBC
                $this->set_mode($current_mode);

                // and re-encode
                return base64_encode($this->mcrypt_encode($dec, $key));
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * XOR Decode
         *
         * Takes an encoded string and key as input and generates the
         * plain-text original message
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _xor_decode($string, $key)
        {
                $string = $this->_xor_merge($string, $key);

                $dec = '';
                for ($i = 0, $l = self::strlen($string); $i < $l; $i++)
                {
                        $dec .= ($string[$i++] ^ $string[$i]);
                }

                return $dec;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * XOR key + string Combiner
         *
         * Takes a string and key as input and computes the difference using XOR
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _xor_merge($string, $key)
        {
                $hash = $this->hash($key);
                $str = '';

                for ($i = 0, $ls = self::strlen($string), $lh = self::strlen($hash); $i < $ls; $i++)
                {
                        $str .= $string[$i] ^ $hash[($i % $lh)];
                }

                return $str;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Encrypt using Mcrypt
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function mcrypt_encode($data, $key)
        {
                $init_size = mcrypt_get_iv_size($this->_get_cipher(), $this->_get_mode());
                $init_vect = mcrypt_create_iv($init_size, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM);
                return $this->_add_cipher_noise($init_vect.mcrypt_encrypt($this->_get_cipher(), $key, $data, $this->_get_mode(), $init_vect), $key);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Decrypt using Mcrypt
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function mcrypt_decode($data, $key)
        {
                $data = $this->_remove_cipher_noise($data, $key);
                $init_size = mcrypt_get_iv_size($this->_get_cipher(), $this->_get_mode());

                if ($init_size > self::strlen($data))
                {
                        return FALSE;
                }

                $init_vect = self::substr($data, 0, $init_size);
                $data      = self::substr($data, $init_size);

                return rtrim(mcrypt_decrypt($this->_get_cipher(), $key, $data, $this->_get_mode(), $init_vect), "\0");
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Adds permuted noise to the IV + encrypted data to protect
         * against Man-in-the-middle attacks on CBC mode ciphers
         * http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/GLOSSARY.HTM#IV
         *
         * @param       string
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _add_cipher_noise($data, $key)
        {
                $key = $this->hash($key);
                $str = '';

                for ($i = 0, $j = 0, $ld = self::strlen($data), $lk = self::strlen($key); $i < $ld; ++$i, ++$j)
                {
                        if ($j >= $lk)
                        {
                                $j = 0;
                        }

                        $str .= chr((ord($data[$i]) + ord($key[$j])) % 256);
                }

                return $str;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Removes permuted noise from the IV + encrypted data, reversing
         * _add_cipher_noise()
         *
         * Function description
         *
         * @param       string  $data
         * @param       string  $key
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _remove_cipher_noise($data, $key)
        {
                $key = $this->hash($key);
                $str = '';

                for ($i = 0, $j = 0, $ld = self::strlen($data), $lk = self::strlen($key); $i < $ld; ++$i, ++$j)
                {
                        if ($j >= $lk)
                        {
                                $j = 0;
                        }

                        $temp = ord($data[$i]) - ord($key[$j]);

                        if ($temp < 0)
                        {
                                $temp += 256;
                        }

                        $str .= chr($temp);
                }

                return $str;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Set the Mcrypt Cipher
         *
         * @param       int
         * @return      CI_Encrypt
         */
        public function set_cipher($cipher)
        {
                $this->_mcrypt_cipher = $cipher;
                return $this;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Set the Mcrypt Mode
         *
         * @param       int
         * @return      CI_Encrypt
         */
        public function set_mode($mode)
        {
                $this->_mcrypt_mode = $mode;
                return $this;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Get Mcrypt cipher Value
         *
         * @return      int
         */
        protected function _get_cipher()
        {
                if ($this->_mcrypt_cipher === NULL)
                {
                        return $this->_mcrypt_cipher = MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_256;
                }

                return $this->_mcrypt_cipher;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Get Mcrypt Mode Value
         *
         * @return      int
         */
        protected function _get_mode()
        {
                if ($this->_mcrypt_mode === NULL)
                {
                        return $this->_mcrypt_mode = MCRYPT_MODE_CBC;
                }

                return $this->_mcrypt_mode;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Set the Hash type
         *
         * @param       string
         * @return      void
         */
        public function set_hash($type = 'sha1')
        {
                $this->_hash_type = in_array($type, hash_algos()) ? $type : 'sha1';
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Hash encode a string
         *
         * @param       string
         * @return      string
         */
        public function hash($str)
        {
                return hash($this->_hash_type, $str);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Byte-safe strlen()
         *
         * @param       string  $str
         * @return      int
         */
        protected static function strlen($str)
        {
                return defined('MB_OVERLOAD_STRING')
                        ? mb_strlen($str, '8bit')
                        : strlen($str);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Byte-safe substr()
         *
         * @param       string  $str
         * @param       int     $start
         * @param       int     $length
         * @return      string
         */
        protected static function substr($str, $start, $length = NULL)
        {
                if (defined('MB_OVERLOAD_STRING'))
                {
                        // mb_substr($str, $start, null, '8bit') returns an empty
                        // string on PHP 5.3
                        isset($length) OR $length = ($start >= 0 ? self::strlen($str) - $start : -$start);
                        return mb_substr($str, $start, $length, '8bit');
                }

                return isset($length)
                        ? substr($str, $start, $length)
                        : substr($str, $start);
        }
}