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<?php
/**
 * CodeIgniter
 *
 * An open source application development framework for PHP
 *
 * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * @package     CodeIgniter
 * @author      EllisLab Dev Team
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology (https://bcit.ca/)
 * @license     https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT     MIT License
 * @link        https://codeigniter.com
 * @since       Version 1.4.1
 * @filesource
 */
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');

/**
 * oci8 Database Adapter Class
 *
 * Note: _DB is an extender class that the app controller
 * creates dynamically based on whether the query builder
 * class is being used or not.
 *
 * @package             CodeIgniter
 * @subpackage  Drivers
 * @category    Database
 * @author              EllisLab Dev Team
 * @link                https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
 */

/**
 * oci8 Database Adapter Class
 *
 * This is a modification of the DB_driver class to
 * permit access to oracle databases
 *
 * @author        Kelly McArdle
 */
class CI_DB_oci8_driver extends CI_DB {

        /**
         * Database driver
         *
         * @var string
         */
        public $dbdriver = 'oci8';

        /**
         * Statement ID
         *
         * @var resource
         */
        public $stmt_id;

        /**
         * Cursor ID
         *
         * @var resource
         */
        public $curs_id;

        /**
         * Commit mode flag
         *
         * @var int
         */
        public $commit_mode = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;

        /**
         * Limit used flag
         *
         * If we use LIMIT, we'll add a field that will
         * throw off num_fields later.
         *
         * @var bool
         */
        public $limit_used = FALSE;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Reset $stmt_id flag
         *
         * Used by stored_procedure() to prevent _execute() from
         * re-setting the statement ID.
         */
        protected $_reset_stmt_id = TRUE;

        /**
         * List of reserved identifiers
         *
         * Identifiers that must NOT be escaped.
         *
         * @var string[]
         */
        protected $_reserved_identifiers = array('*', 'rownum');

        /**
         * ORDER BY random keyword
         *
         * @var array
         */
        protected $_random_keyword = array('ASC', 'ASC'); // not currently supported

        /**
         * COUNT string
         *
         * @used-by     CI_DB_driver::count_all()
         * @used-by     CI_DB_query_builder::count_all_results()
         *
         * @var string
         */
        protected $_count_string = 'SELECT COUNT(1) AS ';

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Class constructor
         *
         * @param       array   $params
         * @return      void
         */
        public function __construct($params)
        {
                parent::__construct($params);

                $valid_dsns = array(
                        'tns'   => '/^\(DESCRIPTION=(\(.+\)){2,}\)$/', // TNS
                        // Easy Connect string (Oracle 10g+)
                        'ec'    => '/^(\/\/)?[a-z0-9.:_-]+(:[1-9][0-9]{0,4})?(\/[a-z0-9$_]+)?(:[^\/])?(\/[a-z0-9$_]+)?$/i',
                        'in'    => '/^[a-z0-9$_]+$/i' // Instance name (defined in tnsnames.ora)
                );

                /* Space characters don't have any effect when actually
                 * connecting, but can be a hassle while validating the DSN.
                 */
                $this->dsn = str_replace(array("\n", "\r", "\t", ' '), '', $this->dsn);

                if ($this->dsn !== '')
                {
                        foreach ($valid_dsns as $regexp)
                        {
                                if (preg_match($regexp, $this->dsn))
                                {
                                        return;
                                }
                        }
                }

                // Legacy support for TNS in the hostname configuration field
                $this->hostname = str_replace(array("\n", "\r", "\t", ' '), '', $this->hostname);
                if (preg_match($valid_dsns['tns'], $this->hostname))
                {
                        $this->dsn = $this->hostname;
                        return;
                }
                elseif ($this->hostname !== '' && strpos($this->hostname, '/') === FALSE && strpos($this->hostname, ':') === FALSE
                        && (( ! empty($this->port) && ctype_digit($this->port)) OR $this->database !== ''))
                {
                        /* If the hostname field isn't empty, doesn't contain
                         * ':' and/or '/' and if port and/or database aren't
                         * empty, then the hostname field is most likely indeed
                         * just a hostname. Therefore we'll try and build an
                         * Easy Connect string from these 3 settings, assuming
                         * that the database field is a service name.
                         */
                        $this->dsn = $this->hostname
                                .(( ! empty($this->port) && ctype_digit($this->port)) ? ':'.$this->port : '')
                                .($this->database !== '' ? '/'.ltrim($this->database, '/') : '');

                        if (preg_match($valid_dsns['ec'], $this->dsn))
                        {
                                return;
                        }
                }

                /* At this point, we can only try and validate the hostname and
                 * database fields separately as DSNs.
                 */
                if (preg_match($valid_dsns['ec'], $this->hostname) OR preg_match($valid_dsns['in'], $this->hostname))
                {
                        $this->dsn = $this->hostname;
                        return;
                }

                $this->database = str_replace(array("\n", "\r", "\t", ' '), '', $this->database);
                foreach ($valid_dsns as $regexp)
                {
                        if (preg_match($regexp, $this->database))
                        {
                                return;
                        }
                }

                /* Well - OK, an empty string should work as well.
                 * PHP will try to use environment variables to
                 * determine which Oracle instance to connect to.
                 */
                $this->dsn = '';
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Non-persistent database connection
         *
         * @param       bool    $persistent
         * @return      resource
         */
        public function db_connect($persistent = FALSE)
        {
                $func = ($persistent === TRUE) ? 'oci_pconnect' : 'oci_connect';
                return empty($this->char_set)
                        ? $func($this->username, $this->password, $this->dsn)
                        : $func($this->username, $this->password, $this->dsn, $this->char_set);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Database version number
         *
         * @return      string
         */
        public function version()
        {
                if (isset($this->data_cache['version']))
                {
                        return $this->data_cache['version'];
                }

                if ( ! $this->conn_id OR ($version_string = oci_server_version($this->conn_id)) === FALSE)
                {
                        return FALSE;
                }
                elseif (preg_match('#Release\s(\d+(?:\.\d+)+)#', $version_string, $match))
                {
                        return $this->data_cache['version'] = $match[1];
                }

                return FALSE;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Execute the query
         *
         * @param       string  $sql    an SQL query
         * @return      resource
         */
        protected function _execute($sql)
        {
                /* Oracle must parse the query before it is run. All of the actions with
                 * the query are based on the statement id returned by oci_parse().
                 */
                if ($this->_reset_stmt_id === TRUE)
                {
                        $this->stmt_id = oci_parse($this->conn_id, $sql);
                }

                oci_set_prefetch($this->stmt_id, 1000);
                return oci_execute($this->stmt_id, $this->commit_mode);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Get cursor. Returns a cursor from the database
         *
         * @return      resource
         */
        public function get_cursor()
        {
                return $this->curs_id = oci_new_cursor($this->conn_id);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Stored Procedure.  Executes a stored procedure
         *
         * @param       string  package name in which the stored procedure is in
         * @param       string  stored procedure name to execute
         * @param       array   parameters
         * @return      mixed
         *
         * params array keys
         *
         * KEY      OPTIONAL  NOTES
         * name     no        the name of the parameter should be in :<param_name> format
         * value    no        the value of the parameter.  If this is an OUT or IN OUT parameter,
         *                    this should be a reference to a variable
         * type     yes       the type of the parameter
         * length   yes       the max size of the parameter
         */
        public function stored_procedure($package, $procedure, array $params)
        {
                if ($package === '' OR $procedure === '')
                {
                        log_message('error', 'Invalid query: '.$package.'.'.$procedure);
                        return ($this->db_debug) ? $this->display_error('db_invalid_query') : FALSE;
                }

                // Build the query string
                $sql = 'BEGIN '.$package.'.'.$procedure.'(';

                $have_cursor = FALSE;
                foreach ($params as $param)
                {
                        $sql .= $param['name'].',';

                        if (isset($param['type']) && $param['type'] === OCI_B_CURSOR)
                        {
                                $have_cursor = TRUE;
                        }
                }
                $sql = trim($sql, ',').'); END;';

                $this->_reset_stmt_id = FALSE;
                $this->stmt_id = oci_parse($this->conn_id, $sql);
                $this->_bind_params($params);
                $result = $this->query($sql, FALSE, $have_cursor);
                $this->_reset_stmt_id = TRUE;
                return $result;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Bind parameters
         *
         * @param       array   $params
         * @return      void
         */
        protected function _bind_params($params)
        {
                if ( ! is_array($params) OR ! is_resource($this->stmt_id))
                {
                        return;
                }

                foreach ($params as $param)
                {
                        foreach (array('name', 'value', 'type', 'length') as $val)
                        {
                                if ( ! isset($param[$val]))
                                {
                                        $param[$val] = '';
                                }
                        }

                        oci_bind_by_name($this->stmt_id, $param['name'], $param['value'], $param['length'], $param['type']);
                }
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Begin Transaction
         *
         * @return      bool
         */
        protected function _trans_begin()
        {
                $this->commit_mode = OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT;
                return TRUE;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Commit Transaction
         *
         * @return      bool
         */
        protected function _trans_commit()
        {
                $this->commit_mode = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;

                return oci_commit($this->conn_id);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Rollback Transaction
         *
         * @return      bool
         */
        protected function _trans_rollback()
        {
                $this->commit_mode = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
                return oci_rollback($this->conn_id);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Affected Rows
         *
         * @return      int
         */
        public function affected_rows()
        {
                return oci_num_rows($this->stmt_id);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Insert ID
         *
         * @return      int
         */
        public function insert_id()
        {
                // not supported in oracle
                return $this->display_error('db_unsupported_function');
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Show table query
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific query string so that the table names can be fetched
         *
         * @param       bool    $prefix_limit
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _list_tables($prefix_limit = FALSE)
        {
                $sql = 'SELECT "TABLE_NAME" FROM "ALL_TABLES"';

                if ($prefix_limit !== FALSE && $this->dbprefix !== '')
                {
                        return $sql.' WHERE "TABLE_NAME" LIKE \''.$this->escape_like_str($this->dbprefix)."%' "
                                .sprintf($this->_like_escape_str, $this->_like_escape_chr);
                }

                return $sql;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Show column query
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific query string so that the column names can be fetched
         *
         * @param       string  $table
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _list_columns($table = '')
        {
                if (strpos($table, '.') !== FALSE)
                {
                        sscanf($table, '%[^.].%s', $owner, $table);
                }
                else
                {
                        $owner = $this->username;
                }

                return 'SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
                        WHERE UPPER(OWNER) = '.$this->escape(strtoupper($owner)).'
                                AND UPPER(TABLE_NAME) = '.$this->escape(strtoupper($table));
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Returns an object with field data
         *
         * @param       string  $table
         * @return      array
         */
        public function field_data($table)
        {
                if (strpos($table, '.') !== FALSE)
                {
                        sscanf($table, '%[^.].%s', $owner, $table);
                }
                else
                {
                        $owner = $this->username;
                }

                $sql = 'SELECT COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, CHAR_LENGTH, DATA_PRECISION, DATA_LENGTH, DATA_DEFAULT, NULLABLE
                        FROM ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
                        WHERE UPPER(OWNER) = '.$this->escape(strtoupper($owner)).'
                                AND UPPER(TABLE_NAME) = '.$this->escape(strtoupper($table));

                if (($query = $this->query($sql)) === FALSE)
                {
                        return FALSE;
                }
                $query = $query->result_object();

                $retval = array();
                for ($i = 0, $c = count($query); $i < $c; $i++)
                {
                        $retval[$i]                     = new stdClass();
                        $retval[$i]->name               = $query[$i]->COLUMN_NAME;
                        $retval[$i]->type               = $query[$i]->DATA_TYPE;

                        $length = ($query[$i]->CHAR_LENGTH > 0)
                                ? $query[$i]->CHAR_LENGTH : $query[$i]->DATA_PRECISION;
                        if ($length === NULL)
                        {
                                $length = $query[$i]->DATA_LENGTH;
                        }
                        $retval[$i]->max_length         = $length;

                        $default = $query[$i]->DATA_DEFAULT;
                        if ($default === NULL && $query[$i]->NULLABLE === 'N')
                        {
                                $default = '';
                        }
                        $retval[$i]->default = $default;
                }

                return $retval;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Error
         *
         * Returns an array containing code and message of the last
         * database error that has occurred.
         *
         * @return      array
         */
        public function error()
        {
                // oci_error() returns an array that already contains
                // 'code' and 'message' keys, but it can return false
                // if there was no error ....
                if (is_resource($this->curs_id))
                {
                        $error = oci_error($this->curs_id);
                }
                elseif (is_resource($this->stmt_id))
                {
                        $error = oci_error($this->stmt_id);
                }
                elseif (is_resource($this->conn_id))
                {
                        $error = oci_error($this->conn_id);
                }
                else
                {
                        $error = oci_error();
                }

                return is_array($error)
                        ? $error
                        : array('code' => '', 'message' => '');
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Insert batch statement
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific insert string from the supplied data
         *
         * @param       string  $table  Table name
         * @param       array   $keys   INSERT keys
         * @param       array   $values INSERT values
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _insert_batch($table, $keys, $values)
        {
                $keys = implode(', ', $keys);
                $sql = "INSERT ALL\n";

                for ($i = 0, $c = count($values); $i < $c; $i++)
                {
                        $sql .= '       INTO '.$table.' ('.$keys.') VALUES '.$values[$i]."\n";
                }

                return $sql.'SELECT * FROM dual';
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Truncate statement
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific truncate string from the supplied data
         *
         * If the database does not support the TRUNCATE statement,
         * then this method maps to 'DELETE FROM table'
         *
         * @param       string  $table
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _truncate($table)
        {
                return 'TRUNCATE TABLE '.$table;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Delete statement
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific delete string from the supplied data
         *
         * @param       string  $table
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _delete($table)
        {
                if ($this->qb_limit)
                {
                        $this->where('rownum <= ',$this->qb_limit, FALSE);
                        $this->qb_limit = FALSE;
                }

                return parent::_delete($table);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * LIMIT
         *
         * Generates a platform-specific LIMIT clause
         *
         * @param       string  $sql    SQL Query
         * @return      string
         */
        protected function _limit($sql)
        {
                if (version_compare($this->version(), '12.1', '>='))
                {
                        // OFFSET-FETCH can be used only with the ORDER BY clause
                        empty($this->qb_orderby) && $sql .= ' ORDER BY 1';

                        return $sql.' OFFSET '.(int) $this->qb_offset.' ROWS FETCH NEXT '.$this->qb_limit.' ROWS ONLY';
                }

                $this->limit_used = TRUE;
                return 'SELECT * FROM (SELECT inner_query.*, rownum rnum FROM ('.$sql.') inner_query WHERE rownum < '.($this->qb_offset + $this->qb_limit + 1).')'
                        .($this->qb_offset ? ' WHERE rnum >= '.($this->qb_offset + 1) : '');
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * Close DB Connection
         *
         * @return      void
         */
        protected function _close()
        {
                oci_close($this->conn_id);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------

        /**
         * We need to reset our $limit_used hack flag, so it doesn't propagate
         * to subsequent queries.
         *
         * @return      void
         */
        protected function _reset_select()
        {
                $this->limit_used = FALSE;
                parent::_reset_select();
        }
}