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Troubleshooting
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# Troubleshooting
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===============
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Smarty/PHP errors {#smarty.php.errors}
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=================
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## Smarty/PHP errors
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Smarty can catch many errors such as missing tag attributes or malformed
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Smarty can catch many errors such as missing tag attributes or malformed
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variable names. If this happens, you will see an error similar to the
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variable names. If this happens, you will see an error similar to the
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following:
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following:
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```
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    Warning: Smarty: [in index.tpl line 4]: syntax error: unknown tag - '%blah'
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Warning: Smarty: [in index.tpl line 4]: syntax error: unknown tag - '%blah'
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           in /path/to/smarty/Smarty.class.php on line 1041
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       in /path/to/smarty/Smarty.class.php on line 1041
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    Fatal error: Smarty: [in index.tpl line 28]: syntax error: missing section name
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Fatal error: Smarty: [in index.tpl line 28]: syntax error: missing section name
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           in /path/to/smarty/Smarty.class.php on line 1041
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       in /path/to/smarty/Smarty.class.php on line 1041
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```
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Smarty shows you the template name, the line number and the error. After
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Smarty shows you the template name, the line number and the error. After
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that, the error consists of the actual line number in the Smarty class
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that the error occurred.
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that, the error consists of the actual line number in the Smarty class
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There are certain errors that Smarty cannot catch, such as missing close
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that the error occurred.
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tags. These types of errors usually end up in PHP compile-time parsing
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errors.
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There are certain errors that Smarty cannot catch, such as missing close
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tags. These types of errors usually end up in PHP compile-time parsing
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    Parse error: parse error in /path/to/smarty/templates_c/index.tpl.php on line 75
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errors.
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`Parse error: parse error in /path/to/smarty/templates_c/index.tpl.php on line 75`
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When you encounter a PHP parsing error, the error line number will
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When you encounter a PHP parsing error, the error line number will
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correspond to the compiled PHP script, NOT the template itself. Usually
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correspond to the compiled PHP script, NOT the template itself. Usually
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you can look at the template and spot the syntax error. Here are some
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common things to look for: missing close tags for
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[`{if}{/if}`](../designers/language-builtin-functions/language-function-if.md) or
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[`{section}{/section}`](../designers/language-builtin-functions/language-function-section.md),
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or syntax of logic within an `{if}` tag. If you can\'t find the error, you might have to
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open the compiled PHP file and go to the line number to figure out where
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the corresponding error is in the template.
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you can look at the template and spot the syntax error. Here are some
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common things to look for: missing close tags for
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[`{if}{/if}`](#language.function.if) or
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[`{section}{/section}`](#language.function.if), or syntax of logic
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within an `{if}` tag. If you can\'t find the error, you might have to
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open the compiled PHP file and go to the line number to figure out where
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```
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the corresponding error is in the template.
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Warning: Smarty error: unable to read resource: "index.tpl" in...
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```
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or
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    Warning: Smarty error: unable to read resource: "index.tpl" in...
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```
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    or
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    Warning: Smarty error: unable to read resource: "site.conf" in...
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Warning: Smarty error: unable to read resource: "site.conf" in...
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-   The [`$template_dir`](#variable.template.dir) is incorrect, doesn\'t
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```
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    exist or the file `index.tpl` is not in the `templates/` directory
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-   The [`$template_dir`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-template-dir.md) is incorrect, doesn't
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-   A [`{config_load}`](#language.function.config.load) function is
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    within a template (or [`configLoad()`](#api.config.load) has been
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    exist or the file `index.tpl` is not in the `templates/` directory
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    called) and either [`$config_dir`](#variable.config.dir) is
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    incorrect, does not exist or `site.conf` is not in the directory.
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-   A [`{config_load}`](../designers/language-builtin-functions/language-function-config-load.md) function is
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<!-- -->
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    within a template (or [`configLoad()`](../programmers/api-functions/api-config-load.md) has been
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    called) and either [`$config_dir`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-config-dir.md) is
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    Fatal error: Smarty error: the $compile_dir 'templates_c' does not exist,
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    incorrect, does not exist or `site.conf` is not in the directory.
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    or is not a directory...
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```
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Fatal error: Smarty error: the $compile_dir 'templates_c' does not exist,
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-   Either the [`$compile_dir`](#variable.compile.dir)is incorrectly
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    set, the directory does not exist, or `templates_c` is a file and
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    not a directory.
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<!-- -->
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or is not a directory...
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```
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-   Either the [`$compile_dir`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-compile-dir.md)is incorrectly
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    set, the directory does not exist, or `templates_c` is a file and
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    Fatal error: Smarty error: unable to write to $compile_dir '....
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    not a directory.
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```
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Fatal error: Smarty error: unable to write to $compile_dir '....
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```
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-   The [`$compile_dir`](#variable.compile.dir) is not writable by the
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    web server. See the bottom of the [installing
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    smarty](#installing.smarty.basic) page for more about permissions.
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<!-- -->
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-   The [`$compile_dir`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-compile-dir.md) is not writable by the
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    Fatal error: Smarty error: the $cache_dir 'cache' does not exist,
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    web server. See the bottom of the [installing
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    or is not a directory. in /..
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    smarty](../getting-started.md#installation) page for more about permissions.
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-   This means that [`$caching`](#variable.caching) is enabled and
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    either; the [`$cache_dir`](#variable.cache.dir) is incorrectly set,
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    the directory does not exist, or `cache/` is a file and not a
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```
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Fatal error: Smarty error: the $cache_dir 'cache' does not exist,
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    directory.
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or is not a directory. in /..
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```
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<!-- -->
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-   This means that [`$caching`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-caching.md) is enabled and
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    either; the [`$cache_dir`](../programmers/api-variables/variable-cache-dir.md) is incorrectly set,
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    Fatal error: Smarty error: unable to write to $cache_dir '/...
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    the directory does not exist, or `cache/` is a file and not a
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    directory.
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```